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Chances are you listen to the phrase bitcoin mining and your mind begins to wander to the Western fantasy of pickaxes, dirt, and striking it rich. As it turns out, that analogy isnt too far off.

Far less glamorous but equally uncertain, bitcoin mining is done by high-powered computers which solve complex computational science issues (read: so complex they cannot be solved by hand). The fortune and work demanded by a computer to solve one of those problems is the equivalent of a miner striking gold in the ground while digging in a sandbox.

The end result of bitcoin mining is twofold. To begin with, when computers solve these complex math issues on the bitcoin networkthey create new bitcoin, not unlike when a mining operation extracts gold from the ground. And second, by solving computational math issues, bitcoin miners make the bitcoin payment network dependable and secure, by verifying its transaction information. .

Theres a good chance all of that only made so much sense. In order to explain how bitcoin mining works in greater detail, lets begin with a process thats just a tiny bit closer to home: the regulation of printed currency.

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Consumers tend to anticipate printed currencies, at least in the United States. Feeling because the U.S. dollar is backed with a central bank known as the Federal Reserve. In addition to a host of other responsibilities, the Federal Reserve regulates the production of new money and prosecutes the usage of counterfeit currency. .

Even digital payments using the U.S. dollar are backed by a central authority. When you make an online purchase using your debit or charge card, by way of example, that transaction is processed by means of a payment processing company like Mastercard or Visa. In addition to recording your transaction history, these companies affirm that transactions are not fraudulent, and that's one reason your debit or credit card may be suspended while traveling. .

Bitcoin, on the other hand, is not regulated by a central authority. Instead, bitcoin is endorsed by millions of computers across the world known as miners. This network of computers performs the same function as the Federal Reserve, Visa, and Mastercard, but with a couple of important differences. Like the Federal Reserve, Visa, and Mastercard, bitcoin miners record transactions and assess their accuracy.

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When someone makes a purchase or purchase using bitcoin, we predict a transaction. Transactions generated in-store and online are documented by banks, point-of-sale methods, and bodily receipts. Bitcoin miners achieve the same effect with no institutions by clumping transactions together in cubes and adding them into a public document called the blockchain. .

When bitcoin miners add a new block of transactions to the blockchain, part of their job is to make sure that those transactions are accurate. (More on the wonder of how this happens in a second) In specific, bitcoin miners be sure bitcoin are not being duplicated, a unique quirk of digital currencies called double-spending.

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Once you spend $20 in the store, that bill is in the clerks handson. With electronic currency, however, it's a different story. .

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Digital information can be replicated relatively easily, so with bitcoin and other digital currencies, there's a threat that a spender can make backup of their bitcoin and send it to another party whilst still holding onto the original. Let's return to printed currency for a moment and say someone attempted to replicate their $20 bill in order to spend the original and the counterfeit in a supermarket store.

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When the numbers were identical, the clerk would know the money had been duplicated. This analogy is try these out very similar to what a bitcoin miner does when they verify new transactions. .

With as many as 600,000 purchases and sales occurring in a single day, nevertheless, verifying each of those transactions can be a lot of work for miners, which gets at one other key difference between bitcoin miners and the Federal Reserve, Mastercard, or Visa. As compensation for their efforts, miners are awarded bitcoin whenever they add a new block of transactions to the blockchain.

In 2009, it had been 50. In 2013, it was 25, in the time of writing it's 12.5, and sometime in the center of 2020 it will halve to 6.25. .

At this speed of halving, the total number of bitcoin in circulation will approach a limit of 21 million, making the currency more scarce and valuable over time but also more expensive for miners to make.

Here is the catch. In order for bitcoin miners to actually earn bitcoin from verifying transactions, two things have to occur. First, they must verify 1 megabyte (MB) worth of transactions, which can technically be as little as 1 transaction but are far more often a few thousand, depending on how much data each transaction stores.

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